भारत के इमारती लकड़ी वाले वृक्ष

भारत में 150 से भी अधिक इमारती लकड़ी वाले वृक्षों की जातियाँ पायी जाती हैं। नीचे इनकी कुछ प्रमुख जातियों की सूची दी गयी है-

नाम	वानस्पतिक नाम	रंग	घनत्व ¹	प्राप्तिस्थान	गुणधर्म, उपयोग तथा स्थिति
Aini or Aangili	Artocarpus hirsutus	Yellowish brown	595 kg/m³	Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala	Elastic, close-grained, and strong. It takes polish. It can be used underwater. It is used for ordinary building construction, structural work, paving, furniture and so forth.
अर्जुन	Terminalia arjuna Terminalia elliptica	Dark brown	870 kg/m³	Central India	It is heavy and strong. It has such uses as beams, rafters, and posts.
Axlewood	Anogeissus latifolia		930 kg/m³	Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh	It is very strong, hard and tough. It takes a smooth finish. It is subject to cracking.
बबूल	Acacia nilotica subsp. indica	Whitish red	835 kg/m³	Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Bengal, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh	It is strong, hard and tough and it takes up a good polish. It is used for such products as bodies and wheels of bullock cart, agricultural instruments, tool handles, and well curbs.
बाकुल	Mimusops elengi Mimusops parvifolia	Reddish brown	880 kg/m³	Some parts of North India	It is close-grained and tough. It is used for making cabinets.
बाँस	Family Poaceae, tribe Bambuseae			Throughout India, especially Assam and Bengal	Not actually a tree, but a woody grass, it is flexible, very strong and durable. It is used for scaffoldings, thatched roofs, rafters, temporary bridges, and so forth.
बरगद	Ficus benghalensis	Brown	580 kg/m³	Throughout India	It is strong and durable only under water. The aerial roots are utilized for such items as tent poles and well curbs.
Benteak	Lagerstoemia parviflora		675 kg/m³	Kerala, Madras, Maharashtra, Karnataka	It is strong and takes up a smooth surface. It may be used for building constructions, boat building and furniture.
Bijasal	Pterocarpus marsupium	Light brown	800 kg/m³	Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Orissa	It is coarse-grained, durable and strong but difficult to work. Termites (also known as white ant) do not easily attack it. It is used for ordinary building construction and for cart wheels. Vulnerable
Casuarina	Casuarina spp.	Reddish brown	765 kg/m³	Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu	It grows straight. It is strong and fibrous. It is, however, badly twisted. It is often used for scaffolding and posts for temporary structures.
नारियल	Cocos nucifera	Reddish brown		Throughout coastal India	Takes polish. Requires preservative treatment. Used as poles, piles, furniture and as formwork in concrete construction.
देवदार	Cedrus deodara	Yellowish brown	560 kg/m³	Himalayas, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh	Deodar is the most important timber tree providing soft wood. It can be easily worked and it is moderately strong. It possesses distinct annual rings. It is used for making cheap furniture, railway carriages, railway sleepers, packing boxes, structural work and so forth.
Gumar	Gymnema sylvestre	Pale yellow	580 kg/m³	Central India, South India	It can be easily worked and is strong and durable especially when used under water. It is used for such products as furniture, carriage, well curbs, yokes, and door panels.
Hopea	Hopea parviflora	Light to deep brown	1010 kg/m³	Madras, Kerala	Hopea is extremely strong and tough. It is difficult to work. However, it can be seasoned easily and it is durable and not likely to be damaged by white ants. It has been variously used for ordinary house construction, railway sleepers, piles, and boat building. Endangered
Himalayan Elm, Indian Elm	Ulmus wallichiana	Red	960 kg/m³	Throughout India	It is moderately hard and strong. It is used for door and window frames, carts, and so forth.
Ironwood, Penaga Lilin, Bosneak, Gangaw, Mesua	Mesua ferrea	Reddish brown	960-1060 kg/m³		Ironwood is durable though it is very hard and is not easily worked. It even resists penetration of nails. It is used for ordinary house construction, bridges, piles, agricultural instruments, railway wagons, and railway sleepers.
Irul, Pyinkado	Xylia xylocarpa		830-1060 kg/m³	Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu	It is very hard, heavy and durable. Difficult to work, it also requires slow and careful seasoning. It is used for railway sleepers, agricultural instruments, paving blocks, and heavy construction. Least concern
Jack	Mangifera caesia.	Yellow, darkens with age	595 kg/m³	Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala	It is compact and even grained. It is moderately strong and easy to work. It takes a good finish and maintains its shape well. It has many uses including plain furniture, boat construction, well curbs, door panels, cabinet making and musical instruments.
Jarul	Lagerstroemia flos-reginae	Light reddish gray	640 kg/m³	Assam, Bengal, Maharashtra	Hard and durable, it can be easily worked. It takes a good finish and is used for house construction, boat building, railway carriages, cart making and scaffolding.
Kathal, Keledang, Jackfruit	Artocarpus heterophyllus	Yellow to deep brown	800 kg/m³	Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu	It is heavy and hard. It is durable under water and in damp conditions, however, it cracks if exposed to direct sun. White ants do not attack it. It is used for piles, platforms of wooden bridges, door and window panels.
Lauraceae, Saj	Lauraceae	Dark brown	880 kg/m³	Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu	It is strong, hard and tough. It is subject to cracking and attack by dry rot. White ants do not attack it. It takes a smooth finish. It is used for such purposes as house construction, boat construction, railway sleepers and structural work.
महोगनी	Swietenia spp.	Reddish brown	720 kg/m³		It takes a good polish and is easily worked. It is durable under water. It is most commonly used for furniture, pattern making and cabinet work.
Mango	Mangifera spp.	Deep gray	560-720 kg/m³	Throughout India	The mango tree is well known for its fruits. It is easy to work and it maintains its shape well. It is moderately strong. It is most often used for cheap furniture, toys, packing boxes, cabinet work, panels for doors and for windows.
Mulberry	Morus spp.	Brown	650 kg/m³	Punjab	It is strong, tough and elastic. It takes up a clean finish. It can be well seasoned. It is turned and carved easily. Mulberry is typically used for baskets and sports goods like hockey sticks, tennis rackets and cricket bats.
Oak	Quercus spp.	Yellowish brown	865 kg/m³		Oak is strong and durable, with straight silvery grain. It is used for preparing sporting goods.
Palm	Arecaceae	Dark brown	1040 kg/m³	Throughout India	It contains ripe wood in the outer crust. The colour of this ripened wood is dark brown. It is strong, durable and fibrous. Palm is used for furniture, roof covering, rafters and joists.
Pine	Pinus spp.				Pine wood is hard and tough except white pine which is soft. It decays easily if it comes into contact with soil. It is heavy and coarse grained. It is used for pattern making, frames for doors and windows, and for paving material. White pine is light and straight grained and is used in the manufacture of matches.
Red cedar		Red	480 kg/m³	Assam, Nagpur	It is soft and even grained. It is used for furniture, door panels and well curbs.
Rosewood	Dalbergia latifolia	Dark	850 kg/m³	Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Orrissa	It is strong, tough and close-grained. It is a handsome wood that takes up a high polish. It maintains its shape well and is available in large sizes. It is used for furniture of superior quality, cabinet work, ornamental carvings and so forth. Vulnerable
Sal	Shorea robusta	Brown	880-1050 kg/m³	Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa	It is hard, fibrous and close-grained. It does not take up a good polish. It requires slow and careful seasoning. It is durable under groung and water. It is used for railway sleepers, shipbuilding, and bridges.
चंदन	Santalum spp.	White or Red	930 kg/m³	Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Assam, Nagpur, Bengal	It has a pleasant smell. It is commonly used for agricultural instruments, well curbs, wheels, and mallets. Vulnerable
Satinwood	Chloroxylon swietenia	Yellow	960 kg/m³	Central and Southern India	It is very hard and durable. It is close grained. It is used for furniture and other ornamental works. Vulnerable
Simul	Bombax spp.	White	450 kg/m³	All over India	It is a loose grained, inferior quality wood. Light in weight, it is used for packing cases, the match industry, well curbs, and for cheap furniture.
Siris	Albizia spp.	Dark brown		North India	Hard and durable, Siris wood is difficult to work. It is used for well curbs in salty water, beams, posts, and furniture.
Sissoo	Dalbergia sissoo	Dark brown	770 kg/m³	Mysore, Maharashtra, Assam, Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa	Also known as shisham or tali, this wood is strong and tough. It is durable and handsome and it maintains its shape well. It can be easily seasoned. It is difficult to work but it takes a fine polish. It is used for high quality furniture, plywoods, bridge piles, sport goods, railway sleepers and so forth. It is a very good material for decorative works and carvings.
Spruce	Picea spp.		480 kg/m³		Spruce wood resists decay and is not affected by the attack of marine borers. It is however liable to shrink, twist and warp. It is used for piles under water and (formerly) for aeroplane construction.
Sundri	Heritiera fomes	Dark red	960 kg/m³	Bengal	It is hard and tough. It is difficult to season and work. It is elastic and close grained. It is strong and durable. These qualities make it suited for such uses as boat building, piles, poles, tool handles, and carriage shafts.
इमली	Tamarindus indica	Dark brown	1280 kg/m³	All over India	Tamarind is knotty and durable. It is a beautiful tree for avenue and gardens. Its development is very slow but it ultimately forms a massive appearance. Its fruit is also very useful. It is used for agricultural instruments, well curbs, sugar mills, carts and brick burning.
Teak	Tectona grandis	Deep yellow to dark brown	639 kg/m³	Central India and Southern India	Moderately hard, teak is durable and fire-resistant. It can be easily seasoned and worked. It takes up a good polish and is not attacked by white ants and dry rot. It does not corrode iron fastenings and it shrinks little. It is among the most valuable timber trees of the world and its use is limited to superior work only.
Toon, Red Cedar	Toona ciliata	Reddish brown or dull red	450 kg/m³	Assam	It can be easily worked. It is light in weight. It is used for such products as furniture, packing boxes, cabinet making and door panels.

¹ After seasoning at 12% moisture content

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