शारीरिक योजना

शारीरिक योजना (body plan) किसी जीव के शरीर के ढाँचे व अकार, उसके अंगों और उनके आपस में काम करने के ढंग को कहा जाता है। जीव के बदन का आकार इस शारीरिक योजना का एक बुनियादी पहलू है और हर बहुकोशिकीय जीव की जाति की अपनी पहचाने जानी वाली शारीरिक योजना होती है।^[१] शारीरिक योजना के आधार पर ही भिन्न प्राणियों को जीववैज्ञानिक संघों में बाँटा जाता है।^[२] उदाहरण के लिए रज्जुकी (कोरडेटाए, Chordatae) संघ के सभी जानवरों के जीवनकाल के किसी-न-किसी समय पर एक रीढ़ या रीढ़नुमा ढाँचा होता है और उनके शरीर पर बाहरी त्वचा, फिर एक अंदरूनी भाग होता है जिसमें उनके गुर्दे जैसे अंदरूनी अंग बंद होते हैं। उनके जीवनकाल में किसी समय पर पूँछ या पूँछ जैसी कोई चीज़ ज़रूर होती है (मनुष्य शरीर में भी गर्भावस्था के आरंभिक दौर में यह होता है)।^[३]^[४]

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साँचा:reflist

↑ Life: The Science of Biology, William K. Purves, David Sadava, Gordon H. Orians, H. Craig Heller, pp. 621, Macmillan, 2003, ISBN 978-0-7167-5809-9, ... The general structure of an animal, its organ systems, and the integrated functioning of its parts are known as its body plan. A fundamental aspect of an animal's body plan is its overall shape ...
↑ The Evolution of Plant Physiology स्क्रिप्ट त्रुटि: "webarchive" ऐसा कोई मॉड्यूल नहीं है।, Alan R. Hemsley, Imogen Poole, pp. 86, Academic Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-12-339552-8, ... Traditionally, animal biologists have recognized different phyla on the basis of their fundamental Baupläne (or body plans in English), which encapsulate the nature and organization of tissues and organs within the animal body ...
↑ Origination of Organismal Form: Beyond the Gene in Developmental and Evolutionary Theory, pp. 137, MIT Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-262-13419-4, ... All members of the phylum Chordata possess, at some stage in their embryonic development, not only the notochord (from which "chordate" is derived), but also a trilaminar "basic chordate body plan," in which a layer of ectoderm is outermost ...
↑ Engineer In The Garden, Colin Tudge, pp. 103, Random House, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4464-6698-8, ... Some of these ancestral genes turn up in the mammalian – including the human – embryo. Human embryos have tails, which they lose long before birth. Tails are an ancient vertebrate feature. More dramatically, human embryos have gill pouches ...

[ref35xujiz-1] Life: The Science of Biology, William K. Purves, David Sadava, Gordon H. Orians, H. Craig Heller, pp. 621, Macmillan, 2003, ISBN 978-0-7167-5809-9, ... The general structure of an animal, its organ systems, and the integrated functioning of its parts are known as its body plan. A fundamental aspect of an animal's body plan is its overall shape ...

[ref55bamez-2] The Evolution of Plant Physiology स्क्रिप्ट त्रुटि: "webarchive" ऐसा कोई मॉड्यूल नहीं है।, Alan R. Hemsley, Imogen Poole, pp. 86, Academic Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-12-339552-8, ... Traditionally, animal biologists have recognized different phyla on the basis of their fundamental Baupläne (or body plans in English), which encapsulate the nature and organization of tissues and organs within the animal body ...

[ref20dalex-3] Origination of Organismal Form: Beyond the Gene in Developmental and Evolutionary Theory, pp. 137, MIT Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-262-13419-4, ... All members of the phylum Chordata possess, at some stage in their embryonic development, not only the notochord (from which "chordate" is derived), but also a trilaminar "basic chordate body plan," in which a layer of ectoderm is outermost ...

[ref14qeyuf-4] Engineer In The Garden, Colin Tudge, pp. 103, Random House, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4464-6698-8, ... Some of these ancestral genes turn up in the mammalian – including the human – embryo. Human embryos have tails, which they lose long before birth. Tails are an ancient vertebrate feature. More dramatically, human embryos have gill pouches ...

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शारीरिक योजना

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