hiwiki:IPA for Yiddish का स्रोत देखें

{{IPAkeys}}
This page describes how IPA is used to transcribe [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] words at Wikipedia. It follows the pronunciation of "Standard Yiddish" (or "[[YIVO]] Yiddish"), as described in such works as [[Uriel Weinreich]]'s ''College Yiddish'' and ''Modern English-Yiddish Yiddish-English Dictionary''.

See [[Yiddish phonology]] for a more thorough look at the sounds of Yiddish. 

{|
|-----
| valign="top" | <!-- Yiddish-->
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="4"| [[Consonant]]s
|-
! IPA !! Letter(s) !! English examples !! [[Romanization of Yiddish|Romanization]]
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|b}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ב}} ([[Bet (letter)|beys]])
| '''b'''ut, we'''b'''
| b
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|d}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ד}} ([[daled]])
| '''d'''o, be'''d'''
| d
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|dʒ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|דזש}} ([[daled]] [[zayin|zayen]] [[shin (letter)|shin]])
| '''j'''oy, e'''dge'''
| dzh
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|f}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|פֿ ף}} (fey, i.e. [[pe (letter)|pey]] with [[rafe]] on nonfinal form)
| '''f'''ool, lea'''f'''
| f
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ɡ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ג}} ([[gimel|giml]])
| '''g'''o, be'''g'''
| g
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|h}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ה}} ([[He (letter)|hey]])
| '''h'''en
| h
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|j}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|י}} ([[yodh|yud]])
| '''y'''es
| y
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|k}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|כּ}} ([[Kaph|kof]] with [[dagesh]])<ref name=Semitic>Only in words of Semitic origin.</ref><br />{{script|Hebr|ק}} ([[qoph|kuf]])
| s'''k'''in, thi'''ck'''
| k
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|l}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ל}} ([[lamed]])
| be'''ll'''
| l
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ʎ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ל}}
| mi'''lli'''on
| l
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|m}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|מ ם}} ([[Mem (letter)|mem]])
| '''m'''an, ta'''m'''
| m
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|n}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|נ ן}} ([[Nun (letter)|nun]])
| '''n'''o, ti'''n'''
| n
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ŋ}}</big><ref>Not a separate phoneme of Yiddish, but an allophone of {{IPA|/n/}} before {{IPA|/ɡ, k/}}</ref>
| {{script|Hebr|נ}} when followed by {{script|Hebr|ג}} or {{script|Hebr|ק}}
| fi'''n'''ger, dri'''n'''k
| n ''in the combinations'' ng, nk
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|p}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|פּ}} ([[Pe (letter)|pey]] with dagesh)
| s'''p'''in, ti'''p'''
| p
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|r}}</big><ref>Depending on speaker, the [[rhotic consonant|rhotic]] {{IPA|/r/}} may be realized either as an [[alveolar trill]] {{IPA|[r]}}, an [[alveolar tap]] {{IPA|[ɾ]}}, or a [[uvular trill]] {{IPA|[ʀ]}}.</ref>
| {{script|Hebr|ר}} ([[Resh|reysh]])
| None in most accents; compare Spanish ''pe'''rr'''o'' and ''pe'''r'''o'' and French '''''r'''ouge''
| r
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|s}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ס}} ([[samekh]])<br />{{script|Hebr|שׂ}} (sin, i.e. [[Shin (letter)|shin]] with a sin dot)<ref name=Semitic /><br />{{script|Hebr|ת}} (sof, i.e. [[taw|tof]] with no dagesh)<ref name=Semitic />
| '''s'''ee, pa'''ss'''
| s
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ʃ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ש}} ([[Shin (letter)|shin]])
| '''sh'''e, lea'''sh'''
| sh
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|t}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ט}} ([[Teth|tes]])<br />{{script|Hebr|תּ}} ([[Taw|tof]] with dagesh)<ref name=Semitic />
| s'''t'''ing, be'''t'''
| t
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ts}}
| {{script|Hebr|צ ץ}} ([[tsade]]k)
| '''ts'''unami, pi'''zz'''a
| ts
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|tʃ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|טש}} (tes shin)
| '''ch'''air, tea'''ch'''
| tsh
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|v}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|בֿ}} (veys, i.e. beys with rafe)<ref name=Semitic /><br />{{script|Hebr|וו}} (tsvey [[Waw (letter)|vovn]])
| '''v'''oice, ha'''ve'''
| v
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|χ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ח}} ([[Heth|khes]])<ref name="Semitic" /><br>{{script|Hebr|כ ך}} (khof, i.e. kof with no dagesh)
|Similar to Scottish lo'''ch'''
| kh
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|z}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ז}}  ([[zayin|zayen]])
| '''z'''oo, ro'''s'''e
| z
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ʒ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|זש}} (zayen shin)
| plea'''s'''ure, bei'''ge'''
| zh
|}
| valign="top" | <!-- Hebrew -->
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="4"| [[Vowel]]s
|-
! colspan="4"| Full vowels ([[monophthong]]s)
|-
! colspan="1"| IPA
! colspan="1"| Letter(s)
! rowspan="1"| English examples
! rowspan="1"| Romanization
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|a}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|אַ}} ([[Patach|pasekh]] [[aleph|alef]]) 
| f'''a'''ther (''but not a long vowel'')
| a
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ɛ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ע}} ([[ayin]])
| b'''e'''d
| e
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ɪ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|י}} ([[Yodh|yud]])
| b'''i'''d
| i
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ɔ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|אָ}} ([[Kamatz|komets]] alef)
| b'''o'''ss
| o
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ʊ}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ו}} ([[Waw (letter)|vov]])
| f'''oo'''t
| u
|-
! colspan="4"| [[Diphthong]]s
|-
! <big>{{IPA|ɛj}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|יי}} (tsvey yudn)
| d'''ay''', p'''ai'''n
| ey
|-
! <big>{{IPA|aj}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ײַ}} (pasekh tsvey yudn)
| f'''i'''ne, wh'''y'''
| ay
|-
! <big>{{IPA|ɔj}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|וי}} (vov yud)
| l'''oi'''n, b'''oy'''
| oy
|-
! colspan=4 | [[Vowel reduction|Reduced vowels]]
|-
! <big>{{IPAlink|ə}}
| {{script|Hebr|ע}} ''or none''
| sof'''a'''
| e
|-
! <big>{{IPA|l̩}}</big>
| {{script|Hebr|ל}}
| bott'''le'''
| l
|-
! <big>{{IPA|n̩}} 
| {{script|Hebr|נ ן}}
| butt'''on'''
| n
|}
|}<!-- Hebrew-->

{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan=3|
Other symbols used in transcription of Yiddish
|-
! IPA!! Explanation
|-
! <big>{{IPA| ˈ }}</big>
| Primary stress (placed ''before'' the stressed syllable), e.g. {{lang|yi|אײזל}} {{IPA|[ˈɛjzl̩]}} 'donkey'
|-
! <big>{{IPA| ˌ }}</big>
| Secondary stress, e.g. {{lang|yi|מאַמע־לשון}} {{IPA|[ˈmaməˌlɔʃn̩]}} 'Yiddish as mother tongue'
|}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Wikipedia IPA|Yiddish]]