Psittacinae का स्रोत देखें

{{Short description|Subfamily of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Afrotropical parrots
| image = Lesserj lg.jpg
| image_caption = Jardine's parrot, ''(Poicephalus gulielmi)''
| taxon = Psittacinae
| authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1815
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
* [[Extinction|†]]''[[Bavaripsitta]]''
* ''[[Psittacus]]''
* ''[[Poicephalus]]''
}}

'''Psittacinae''' is a [[subfamily (biology)|subfamily]] of [[Afrotropics|Afrotropical]] or Old World [[parrot]]s, native to [[sub-Saharan Africa]], which include twelve [[species]] and two [[Extant taxon|extant]] [[genus|genera]].  Among the species is the iconic [[grey parrot]].

The ''[[Poicephalus]]'' are usually green birds with different colored heads; the larger ''[[Psittacus]]'' are light grey with red tails.

African parrots (at least the grey parrot) have been known in [[Europe]] since [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times.<ref>{{cite book|last=Boehrer|first=Bruce|title=Parrot Culture: Our 2500-Year-Long Fascination with the World's Most Talkative Bird|year=2010|publisher=U. Penn. Press|isbn=978-0-8122-3793-1|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/parrotculture00bruc}}</ref>

The African parrots, unlike their Neotropical cousins, are [[polyphyletic]]: ''[[Agapornis]]'' of Africa and Madagascar was found to be the sister group to ''[[Loriculus]]'' of Australasia and Indo-Malayasia and together they clustered with the Australasian ''[[Loriinae]]'', ''[[Cyclopsittacini]]'' and ''[[Melopsittacus]]''. ''[[Poicephalus]]'' and ''[[Psittacus]]'' from mainland Africa formed the sister group of the Neotropical ''[[Arinae]]'' and ''[[Coracopsis]]'' from Madagascar and adjacent islands may be the closest relative of ''[[Psittrichas]]'' from New Guinea.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Schweizer|first=M.|title=The evolutionary diversification of parrots supports a taxon pulse model with multiple trans-oceanic dispersal events and local radiations.|journal=Mol Phylogenet Evol|date=Mar 2010|volume=54|issue=3|pages=984–94|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.021|pmid=19699808|display-authors=etal}}</ref>

== Taxonomy ==
This subfamily, together with its sister subfamily [[Arinae]] of Neotropical parrots, constitutes the family [[Psittacidae]], one of three families of true parrots.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Genus   !! Living Species
|-
|[[File:African Grey Parrot RWD2.jpg|175px]]||'''''[[Psittacus]]''''' {{small|Linnaeus, 1758}}|| 
* ''P. erithacus'', [[grey parrot]]
* ''P. timneh'', [[Timneh parrot]]
|-
|[[File:Poicephalus gulielmi -Birds of Eden, South Africa-8a.jpg|175px]]||'''''[[Poicephalus]]''''' {{small|Swainson, 1837}}|| 
* ''P. robustus'', [[Cape parrot]]
* ''P. fuscicollis'', [[brown-necked parrot]]
** ''P. f. fuscicollis'', (nominate subspecies)
** ''P. f. suahelicus'', grey-headed parrot (subspecies)
* ''P. gulielmi'', [[Jardine's parrot]] also known as the red-fronted parrot
* ''P. meyeri'', [[Meyer's parrot]]
* ''P. rueppellii'', [[Rüppell's parrot]]
* ''P. cryptoxanthus'', [[brown-headed parrot]]
* ''P. rufiventris'', [[red-bellied parrot]]
* ''P. senegalus'', [[Senegal parrot]]
* ''P. flavifrons'', [[yellow-fronted parrot]]
* ''P. crassus'', [[Niam-Niam parrot]]
|-
|}

Traditionally, the genus ''Coracopsis'' ([[vasa parrot]]s) is included in this subfamily, but recent molecular studies show that they are within a different family.

An extinct prehistoric [[monotypic]] genus ''[[Bavaripsitta]]'' has been described.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{Psittacini}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1074819}}

[[Category:Psittacinae| ]]
[[Category:Bird subfamilies]]
[[Category:Psittacidae]]
[[Category:Psittacini|*]]
[[Category:Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa| ]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque]]