हिन्दु कुश का स्रोत देखें

&nbsp;{{Geobox | Range
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
| name       = हिन्दु कुश
| other_name    = 
| category     = 
<!-- *** Image *** -->
| image       = Mountains of Afghanistan.jpg
| image_caption   = [[अफ़ग़ानिस्तान|अफ़्ग़ानिस्तान]] में हिन्दु कुश का नज़ारा
<!-- *** Name *** -->
| etymology     = 
| nickname     = 
<!-- *** Country etc. *** -->
| country      = [[अफ़ग़ानिस्तान|अफ़्ग़ानिस्तान]]
| country1     = [[पाकिस्तान]]
| state       = 
| region      = पाक-अफ़्ग़ान सीमा
| district     = 
<!-- *** Family *** -->
| parent      = 
| border      = 
<!-- *** Locations *** -->
| highest      = [[तिरिच मीर]]
| highest_elevation = 7708
| highest_lat_d   = 36
| highest_lat_m   = 14
| highest_lat_s   = 45
| highest_lat_NS  = N
| highest_long_d  = 71
| highest_long_m  = 50
| highest_long_s  = 38
| highest_long_EW  = E
<!-- *** Features *** -->
| geology      =
| period      =
| orogeny      =
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map        = Hindu-Kush-Range.png
| map_size     = 270
| map_caption    = 
| map_locator    = 
<!-- *** Websites *** -->
| commons      = 
| statistics    = 
| website      = 
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes     = 
<!-- Processed by Geoboxer 3.0 on 2007-12-07T17:32:36+01:00 --> }}

'''हिन्दु कुश''' उत्तरी [[पाकिस्तान]] के विवादीत भाग से मध्य [[अफ़ग़ानिस्तान|अफ़्ग़ानिस्तान]] तक विस्तृत एक ८०० किमी चलने वाली [[पर्वतमाला|पर्वत शृंखला]] है। इसका सबसे ऊँचा पहाड़ पाकिस्तान के [[ख़ैबर पख़्तूनख़्वा|ख़ैबर-पख़्तूनख़्वा]] प्रान्त के [[चित्राल ज़िला|चित्राल ज़िले]] में स्थित ७,७०८ मीटर (२५,२८९ फ़ुट) लम्बा [[तिरिच मीर]] पर्वत है।<ref name="ref61cimij">[http://books.google.com/books?id=ob3b4FLSIb0C Himalaya], Michael Palin, Basil Pao, Macmillan, 2005, ISBN 978-0-312-34162-6, ''... the solitary bulk of Tirich Mir, 25228 feet (7708 m), the highest mountain in the Hindu Kush ...''</ref> हिन्दु कुश [[पामीर पर्वतमाला|पामीर पर्वतों]] से जाकर जुड़ते हैं और [[हिमालय]] की एक उपशाखा माने जाते हैं। हिन्दु कुश का दूसरा सबसे ऊँचा पहाड़ [[नोशक पर्वत]] और तीसरा [[इस्तोर-ओ-नल]] है।<ref name="ref42romiq">[http://books.google.com/books?id=0wTE1qbfueMC Discover Afghanistan], Richard Spilsbury, The Rosen Publishing Group, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4488-6619-9, ''... Highest Point: Noshak 24557 feet (7485 m) ...''</ref><ref name="aaj_1956">Joseph E. Murphy, Jr., 'The Ascent of Istor-o-Nal', American Alpine Journal, 1956, pp. 66-74.</ref> हिन्दु कुश पहाड़ों की अत्याधिक ऊँचाई के बावजूद इस शृंखला में बहुत से [[दर्रा|दर्रे]] हैं जिनसे इस शृंखला से लोगों का आना-जाना सदियों से बना हुआ है।<ref name="ref73dehap">[http://books.google.com/books?id=j894miuOqc4C World and Its Peoples] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911003527/http://books.google.com/books?id=j894miuOqc4C |date=11 सितंबर 2014 }}, Marshall Cavendish, Marshall Cavendish, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7614-7571-2, ''... In Pakistan, a separate range — the Hindu Raj — runs south of, and parallel to, the Hindu Kush. A series of high passes penetrates the Hindu Kush, which is less of a barrier to the movement of peoples than its great height might suggest ...''</ref>

==नाम==
हिन्दु कुश पर्वतों को [[संस्कृत भाषा|संस्कृत]] में 'ऊपरासेना' बुलाया जाता था। जब इस इलाक़े में [[सिकंदर|सिकंदर]] की जीत हुई तो इन पर्वतों को [[यूनानी भाषा]] में 'कौकासोश इन्दिकौश' (Καύκασος Ινδικός, Caucasus Indicus) यानि 'भारतीय पर्वत' बुलाया जाने लगा।
==== हिंदू-के-हत्यारा ====
''हिंदू कुश'' आम तौर पर इसका अनुवाद [[हिंदू]] के हत्यारे के रूप में किया जाता है। उन पहाड़ों में स्थित खतरनाक दर्रों के कारण।<ref>[a] {{cite book|author=Michael Franzak|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KqenaOE0ziIC&pg=PA241|title=A Nightmare's Prayer: A Marine Harrier Pilot's War in Afghanistan|publisher=Simon and Schuster|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4391-9499-7|page=241}};<br />[b] {{cite book|author=Ehsan Yarshater|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ulYOAQAAMAAJ|title=Encyclopædia Iranica|publisher=The Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation|year=2003|isbn=978-0-933273-76-4|page=312}}<br />[c] {{cite book|author=James Wynbrandt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xQGwgJnCPZgC|title=A Brief History of Pakistan|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-0-8160-6184-6|page=5}};<br />[d] {{cite book|title=Encyclopedia Americana|year=1993|volume=14|page=206}};<br />[e] {{cite book|author=André Wink|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g2m7_R5P2oAC&pg=PA110|title=Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7th–11th Centuries|publisher=BRILL Academic|year=2002|isbn=978-0-391-04173-8|page=110}}, Quote: "(..) the Muslim Arabs also applied the name 'Khurasan' to all the Muslim provinces to the east of the Great Desert and up to the '''Hindu-Kush ('Hindu killer')''' mountains, the Chinese desert and the Pamir mountains".</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Runion|first=Meredith L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EY6NDgAAQBAJ&q=%22hindu+kush%22+%22killer+of+hindus%22&pg=PA4|title=The History of Afghanistan, 2nd Edition|date=2017-04-24|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-61069-778-1|language=en|quote=The literal translation of the name “Hindu Kush” is a true reflection of its forbidding topography, as this difficult and jagged section of Afghanistan translates to “Killer of Hindus.”}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Weston|first=Christine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZFDhAAAAMAAJ&q=%22hindu+kush%22+%22hindu+killers%22|title=Afghanistan|date=1962|publisher=Scribner|language=en|quote=To the north and northeast, magnificent and frightening, stretched the mountains of the Hindu Kush, or Hindu Killers, a name derived from the fact that in ancient times slaves brought from India perished here like flies from exposure and cold.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Knox|first=Barbara|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vzPswhHQAH0C&q=%22hindu+kush%22+%22killer+of+hindus%22&pg=PA4|title=Afghanistan|date=2004|publisher=Capstone|isbn=978-0-7368-2448-4|language=en|quote=Hindu Kush means "killer of Hindus." Many people have died trying to cross these mountains.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The World Book Encyclopedia|publisher=[[Scott Fetzer Company|World Book Inc.]]|year=1990|edition=1994|volume=9|page=235}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Boyle|first=J.A.|title=A Practical Dictionary of the Persian Language|publisher=Luzac & Co.|year=1949|page=129}}</ref><ref name="Steingass1992p1030">{{cite book|author=Francis Joseph Steingass|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=knA9NptP7xsC&pg=PA1030|title=A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary|publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=1992|isbn=978-81-206-0670-8|pages=1030–1031 ('''kush means''' "killer, kills, slays, murders, oppresses"), p. 455 (khirs–kush means "bear killer"), p. 734 (shutur–kush means "camel butcher"), p. 1213 (mardum–kush means "man slaughter")}}</ref>

== सन्दर्भ ==
<small>{{reflist|2}}</small>
{{विश्व के पर्वत}}

[[श्रेणी:हिन्दु कुश]]
[[श्रेणी:पर्वतमालाएँ]]
[[श्रेणी:पाकिस्तान की पर्वतमालाएँ]]
[[श्रेणी:अफ़्ग़ानिस्तान की पर्वतमालाएँ]]
[[श्रेणी:हिमालय की पर्वतमालाएँ]]