साँचा:Harvard reference/doc का स्रोत देखें

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{{tdeprecated|Harvard reference|Citation}} 
{{esoteric}}

The '''Harvard reference''' template is a versatile template for citing books, periodicals, chapters in compilations, and web-sites. It follows the [[Harvard referencing]] style, and it has a special "linking functionality" that allows inline harvard citations to link to the reference via the [[:Template:Harvard citation]] template. As the Harvard referencing style is an "surname-year" format, the only mandatory parameters are '''last''' (or '''surname''') and '''year'''. You may include as many authors or editors as necessary (via the '''last1''', '''editor-last3''', etc. tags), although only three of each will display.

The template knows whether you are citing a book, periodical, or a chapter in a compilation. The citation will be formatted as a periodical if you include a '''periodical''' or '''journal''' parameter. The citation will be formatted as a chapter or compilation in a larger book if you use the '''chapter''' or '''contribution''' parameter. In all other cases, the citation will have a standard format appropriate for books, web pages, and anything with an '''author''', a '''year''', and optionally a '''title'''. 

==Citation of books==
<pre>{{Harvard reference
 | last=
 | first=
 | authorlink=
 | year=
 | date=
 | title=
 | place=
 | publisher=
 | edition=
 | volume=
 | id=
 | url=
 | access-date=
}}</pre>

===Parameters===
* '''last''' (''required''): The author's surname or last name. (This parameter may also be called '''surname''', '''surname1''', '''author''', or '''author1''').
** '''first''' (''optional''): The author's first or given name(s). In formal Harvard style references, this should include only the initials. (This parameter may also be called '''given''').
* '''authorlink''' (''optional''): Title of a Wikipedia article about author. Article must already exist. <!-- Should not create redlinks to every non-notable author. -->
* '''year''' (''required''): Year of publication.
** '''date''' (''optional''): While the ''year'') tag is mandatory, use of the ''date'' parameter will override how the date is displayed in the reference.
* '''title''' (''optional''): Title of the book.
* '''edition''' (''optional''): Number or name of the edition, if not the first; for example: ''edition''=2nd.
* '''volume''' (''optional''): The volume number of a multi-volume book.
* '''place''' (''optional''): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example: <code>Place=Paris, TX</code> (no period at the end).  Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter.
* '''publisher''' (''optional''): The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as ''Publishers'', ''Co.'', ''Inc.'', ''Ltd.'', etc., but retain the words ''Books'' or ''Press''.
* '''id''' (''optional''): Identifier such as ''<nowiki>ISBN 1-111-22222-9</nowiki>''
** '''isbn''' (''optional''): Use this parameter if the book has an ISBN.
* '''url''' (''optional''): An [[url]] of an online location where the book can be found.
** '''access-date''' (''optional''): If an [[url]] is included, the date on which the url was last accessed.

===Examples===
====One author====
<pre>
{{ Harvard reference
 | surname=Turner
 | given=O.
 | title=History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve
 | publisher=William Alling
 | place=[[Rochester, New York]]
 | year=1851
 | url=http://olivercowdery.com/texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{ Harvard reference
 | surname=Turner
 | given=O.
 | title=History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve
 | publisher=William Alling
 | place=[[Rochester, New York]]
 | year=1851
 | url=http://olivercowdery.com/texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851
}}.

====Three authors, a volume, and an edition====
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | surname1=Lincoln
 | given1=A.
 | surname2=Washington
 | given2=G.
 | surname3=Adams
 | given3=J.
 | title=All the Presidents' Names
 | publisher=The Pentagon
 | place=Home Base, New York
 | volume=XII
 | edition=2nd
 | year=2007
}}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | surname1=Lincoln
 | given1=A.
 | surname2=Washington
 | given2=G.
 | surname3=Adams
 | given3=J.
 | title=All the Presidents' Names
 | publisher=The Pentagon
 | place=Home Base, New York
 | volume=XII
 | edition=2nd
 | year=2007
}}.

===Minimal reference===
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Jones
 | year=2006
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Jones
 | year=2006
 }}.

==Citation of periodicals==
<pre>{{Harvard reference
 | last=
 | first=
 | authorlink=
 | year=
 | title=
 | periodical=
 | volume=
 | issue=
 | pages=
 | url=
 | access-date=
}}</pre>

===Parameters===
* '''last''' (''required''): The author's surname or last name. (This parameter may also be called '''surname''', '''surname1''', '''author''', or '''author1''').
** '''first''' (''optional''): The author's first or given name(s). In formal Harvard style references, this should include only the initials. (This parameter may also be called '''given''').
* '''authorlink''' (''optional''): Title of a Wikipedia article about author. Article must already exist. <!-- Should not create redlinks to every non-notable author. -->
* '''year''' (''required''): Year of publication.
** '''date''' (''optional''): While the ''year'') tag is mandatory, use of the ''date'' parameter will override how the date is displayed in the reference. If the periodical is a newspaper or a magazine with a particular date, this tag should always be used.
* '''title''' (''optional''): Title of the article.
* '''periodical''' (''optional''): Name of the journal or periodical. (This parameter may also be called '''journal''', '''newspaper''', or '''magazine''').
* '''volume''' (''optional''): The volume number of the journal.
* '''issue''' (''optional''): The issue number of the journal. (This parameter may also be called '''number''').
* '''pages''' (''optional''): The pages in the issue where the article may be found. (If the article is on only one page, use the parameter '''page''' instead).
* '''url''' (''optional''): An [[url]] of an online location where the article can be found.
** '''access-date''' (''optional''): The date on which the [[url]] was last accessed.

===Journal article===
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Hill
 | first=Marvin S.
 | title=Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties
 | journal=BYU Studies
 | volume=12
 | issue=2
 | year=1976
 | pages=1&ndash;8
 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Hill
 | first=Marvin S.
 | title=Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties
 | journal=BYU Studies
 | volume=12
 | issue=2
 | year=1976
 | pages=1&ndash;8
 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf
 }}.

===Newspaper article===
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Smith
 | first=Joseph III
 | authorlink=Joseph Smith III
 | title=Last Testimony of Sister Emma
 | newspaper=The Saints' Herald
 | volume=26
 | issue=19
 | date=[[October 1]], [[1879]]
 | year=1879
 | month=October
 | page=289
 | url=http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Smith
 | first=Joseph III
 | authorlink=Joseph Smith III
 | title=Last Testimony of Sister Emma
 | newspaper=The Saints' Herald
 | volume=26
 | issue=19
 | date=October 1, 1879
 | year=1879
 | month=October
 | page=289
 | url=http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179
 }}.

==Citation of chapers or contributions in a larger work==
<pre>{{Harvard reference
 | last=
 | first=
 | authorlink=
 | year=
 | chapter=
 | editor-last=
 | editor-first=
 | editorlink=
 | title=
 | edition=
 | place=
 | publisher=
 | publication-year=
 | volume=
 | pages=
 | id=
 | url=
 | access-date=
}}</pre>

===Parameters===
* '''surname''' (''required''): The author's surname or last name. (This parameter may also be called '''last''').
** '''given''' (''optional''): The author's first or given name. In formal Harvard style references, this should include only the initials. (This parameter may also be called '''first''').
** '''author''' (''optional''): While the ''surname'' (or ''last'') tag is mandatory for referencing purposes, use of the ''Author'' parameter will override how the author's name is displayed in the reference.
* '''authorlink''' (''optional''): Title of a Wikipedia article about author. Article must already exist. <!-- Should not create redlinks to every non-notable author. -->
* '''year''' (''required''): Year of publication.
** '''date''' (''optional''): While the ''year'') tag is mandatory, use of the ''date'' parameter will override how the date is displayed in the reference.
* '''chapter''' (''required for chapters''): Title of the contribution in the book. (This parameter may also be called '''Contribution''').
* '''editor''' (''optional''): Name of the editor or editors.
* '''title''' (''required for chapters''): Title of the book.
* '''edition''' (''optional''): Number or name of the edition, if not the first; for example: ''Edition=2nd''.
* '''place''' (''optional''): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example: <code>Place=Paris, TX</code> (no period at the end).  Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter.
* '''publisher''' (''optional''): The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as ''Publishers'', ''Co.'', ''Inc.'', ''Ltd.'', etc., but retain the words ''Books'' or ''Press''.
* '''pages''' (''optional''): The pages in the book where the chapter or contribution may be found. (If the contribution is on only one page, use the parameter '''Page''' instead).
* '''id''' (''optional''): Identifier such as ''<nowiki>ISBN 1-111-22222-9</nowiki>''
** '''isbn''' (''optional''): Use this parameter if the book has an ISBN.
* '''url''' (''optional''): An [[url]] of an online location where the book can be found.
* '''access-date''' (''optional''): The date on which the [[url]] was last accessed.

===Work included in a compilation===
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Bidamon
 | first=Emma Smith
 | authorlink=Emma Hale Smith
 | chapter=Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim
 | date=[[March 27]] [[1876]]
 | year=1876
 | editor-surname=Vogel
 | editor-first=Dan
 | title=Early Mormon Documents
 | volume=1
 | publisher=Signature Books
 | publication-year=1996
 | isbn=1-56085-072-8
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Bidamon
 | first=Emma Smith
 | authorlink=Emma Hale Smith
 | chapter=Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim
 | date=March 27, 1876
 | year=1876
 | editor-surname=Vogel
 | editor-first=Dan
 | title=Early Mormon Documents
 | volume=1
 | publisher=Signature Books
 | publication-year=1996
 | isbn=1-56085-072-8
 }}.

===Untitled work quoted or included in a journal article===
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Knight
 | first=Joseph, Sr.
 | year=1833
 | editor-last=Jessee
 | editor-first=Dean
 | title=Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History
 | journal=BYU Studies
 | volume=17
 | issue=1
 | publication-year=1976
 | page=35
 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | last=Knight
 | first=Joseph, Sr.
 | year=1833
 | editor-last=Jessee
 | editor-first=Dean
 | title=Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History
 | journal=BYU Studies
 | volume=17
 | issue=1
 | publication-year=1976
 | page=35
 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf
 }}.

===Multiple authors and multiple editors===
<pre>
{{Harvard reference
 | last1=Schmidt
 | first1=J.
 | last2=Piper
 | first2=P.
 | chapter=Letter to Home
 | date=[[March 27]] [[1996]]
 | year=2006
 | editor1-last=Grimm
 | editor1-first=P.
 | editor2-last=Bob
 | editor2-first=T.
 | title=Jonesing for Jones
 | volume=12
 | place=New York
 | publisher=Fred Books
 | publication-year=2006
 | isbn=1-55555-555-5
 }}.
</pre>

'''Result:'''
{{Harvard reference
 | last1=Schmidt
 | first1=J.
 | last2=Piper
 | first2=P.
 | chapter=Letter to Home
 | date=March 27, 1996
 | year=2006
 | editor1-last=Grimm
 | editor1-first=P.
 | editor2-last=Bob
 | editor2-first=T.
 | title=Bookskrieg Bliss
 | volume=12
 | place=New York
 | publisher=Aunt Jemima Books
 | publication-year=2006
 | isbn=1-55555-555-5
 }}.

==Citation examples==
These examples of citation within the text are based on related citation template [[Template:Harvard citation]], which automatically creates a one-directional link to the first matching Harvard reference on the same page:

'''Markup in main text:'''
*<nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Harvard citation|Harvard citation]]<nowiki>|Turner|1851|pp=10-11}}</nowiki> (full cite format)
*<nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Harv|Harv]]<nowiki>|Smith|1879|p=289}}</nowiki> (short format)
*<nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Harv|Harv]]<nowiki>|Jones|2006|loc=section 5|Ref=none}}</nowiki> (non-linking)
*<nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Harv|Harv]]<nowiki>|Lincoln|Washington|Adams|2007|pp=88-89}}</nowiki> (multi-author)

'''Results:'''
*{{Harvard citation|Turner|1851|pp=10-11}}
*{{Harv|Smith|1879|p=289}}
*{{Harv|Jones|2006|loc=section 5|Ref=none}}
*{{Harv|Lincoln|Washington|Adams|2007|pp=88-89}}

==Notes==
*Because the [[Harvard referencing]] style is based on ''Surname'' and ''Year'', these items are mandatory in both the citation and the reference.
*If there is only one author, the parameters ''Surname'' and ''Given'' may be replaced with ''Last'' and ''First'', respectively.
*Template is generally compatible with [[Template:Cite book]] and [[Template:Cite journal]].

==See also==
* [[Wikipedia:Cite sources]]: Style guide
* [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles/Generic citations]]: Related templates

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