प्रक्षेप्य का स्रोत देखें

एक '''प्रक्षेप्य''' वह वस्तु कहलाती है जिसे [[दिक्]] (खाली अथवा नहीं) में किसी [[बल (भौतिकी)|बल]] के अधीन प्रक्षेपित किया जाता है। यद्यपि समष्टि (दिक्) में किसी भी वस्तु की गति (उदाहरण के लिए [[क्रिकेट]] के खेल में क्षेत्ररक्षक द्वारा गेंद को फैंकना) को प्रक्षेप्य कहा जा सकता है, यह शब्द सामान्यतः [[बंदूक़|कम मारक क्षमता]] वाली वस्तुओं के लिए काम में ली जाती है।<ref>{{cite web |title=The free Dictionary |url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/projectile |work= |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2010-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507234349/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/projectile |archive-date=7 मई 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dictionary.com |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/projectile |work= |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2010-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305014840/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/projectile |archive-date=5 मार्च 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> प्रक्षेप्य वक्र के विश्लेषण के लिए गणितीय [[गति के समीकरण|गति के समीकरणों]] का उपयोग किया जाता है।

== वाहक बल ==
{{See also|प्रक्षेप्य गति}}
<!--[[File:Schwerer Gustav projectile 2.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Projectile and cartridge case for the massive [[World War II]] German 80cm [[Schwerer Gustav]] railway gun]]
[[Arrow]]s, [[dart (missile)|darts]], [[spear]]s, and similar weapons are fired using pure mechanical force applied by another object; apart from [[throwing]] without tools, mechanisms include the [[catapult]], [[slingshot]], and [[Bow (weapon)|bow]].

Other weapons use the compression or expansion of gases as their motive force.

[[Blowgun]]s and [[pneumatic rifle]]s use compressed gases, while most other [[gun]]s and [[firearm]]s utilize expanding gases liberated by sudden chemical reactions. [[Light gas gun]]s use a combination of these mechanisms.

[[Railgun]]s utilize electromagnetic fields to provide a constant acceleration along the entire length of the device, greatly increasing the [[muzzle velocity]].

Some projectiles provide propulsion during flight by means of a [[rocket engine]] or [[jet engine]]. In military terminology, a [[rocket]] is unguided, while a [[missile]] is [[guided missile|guided]]. Note the two meanings of "rocket" (weapon and engine): an [[Intercontinental ballistic missile|ICBM]] is a missile with rocket engines.

[[Ballistics]] analyze the projectile [[trajectory]], the forces acting upon the projectile, and the impact that a projectile has on a target.

An explosion, whether or not by a weapon, causes the debris to act as multiple high velocity projectiles. An explosive weapon, or device may also be designed to produce many high velocity projectiles by the break-up of its casing, these are correctly termed [[Fragmentation (weaponry)|fragments]].
-->
== वाहक प्रक्षेप्य ==
बहुत प्रक्षेप्य, उदाहरण के लिए [[शैल (प्रक्षेप्य)|शैल]], विस्फोटक पदार्थ अथवा अन्य रासायनिक या जैविक पदार्थ ले जा सकता है। साथ ही एक प्रक्षेप्य को विस्फोटक पेलोड से विशेष क्षति के लिए भी बनाया जा सकता है जैसे : आग (प्रारंभिक थर्मल हथियार देखें), 	विषप्रयोग (विषेले तीर)।
== गतिज प्रक्षेप्य ==
<!--{{See also|Kinetic energy penetrator|Terminal ballistics#Hypervelocity|l2=Terminal ballistics – Hypervelocity|Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle}}-->
<!--A projectile which does not contain an explosive charge or any other kind of charge is termed a ''kinetic projectile'', ''kinetic energy weapon'', ''kinetic energy warhead'', ''kinetic warhead'' or ''kinetic penetrator''. Typical kinetic energy weapons are blunt projectiles such as [[Rock (geology)|rock]]s and [[round shot]]s, pointed ones such as [[arrow]]s, and somewhat pointed ones such as [[bullet]]s. Among projectiles which do not contain explosives are those launched from [[railgun]]s, [[coilgun]]s, and [[mass driver]]s, as well as [[kinetic energy penetrator]]s. All of these weapons work by attaining a high [[muzzle velocity]] ([[hypervelocity]]), and [[collision|collide]] with their target, converting their [[kinetic energy]] into destructive shock waves and heat.

Some kinetic weapons for targeting objects in [[spaceflight]] are [[anti-satellite weapon]]s and [[anti-ballistic missile]]s. Since in order to reach an object in orbit it is necessary to attain an extremely high velocity, their released kinetic energy alone is enough to destroy their target; explosives are not necessary. For example: the energy of [[trinitrotoluene|TNT]] is 4.6&nbsp;MJ/kg, and the energy of a kinetic kill vehicle with a closing speed of 10&nbsp;km/s is of 50&nbsp;MJ/kg. This saves costly weight and there is no [[detonation]] to be precisely timed. This method, however, requires direct contact with the target, which requires a more accurate [[trajectory]]. Some hit-to-kill warheads are additionally equipped with an explosive directional warhead to enhance the kill probability (e.g. Israeli [[Arrow (Israeli missile)|Arrow]] missile or U.S. [[MIM-104 Patriot#MIM-104F .28PAC-3.29|Patriot PAC-3]]).

With regard to anti-missile weapons, the [[Arrow (Israeli missile)|Arrow missile]] and [[MIM-104 Patriot PAC-2]] have explosives, while the [[Kinetic Energy Interceptor]] (KEI), [[Lightweight Exo-Atmospheric Projectile]] (LEAP, used in [[Aegis BMDS]]), and [[Terminal High Altitude Area Defense|THAAD]] do not (see [[Missile Defense Agency]]).

A kinetic projectile can also be dropped from aircraft. This is applied by replacing the explosives of a regular bomb, e.g. by concrete, for a precision hit with less [[collateral damage]]. A typical bomb has a mass of 900&nbsp;kg and a speed of impact of 800&nbsp;km/h (220&nbsp;m/s). It is also applied for training the act of dropping a bomb with explosives. [http://www.fas.org/news/iraq/1999/10/991007-iraq.htm] This method has been used in [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]] and the subsequent military operations in [[Iraq]] by mating concrete-filled training bombs with [[JDAM]] [[GPS]] guidance kits, to attack vehicles and other relatively "soft" targets located too close to civilian structures for the use of conventional [[high explosive]] bombs.

A [[Prompt Global Strike]] may use a kinetic weapon. A [[kinetic bombardment]] may involve a projectile dropped from Earth orbit.

A hypothetical kinetic weapon that travels at a significant fraction of the speed of light, usually found in science fiction, is termed a [[relativistic kill vehicle]] (RKV).
-->
<!--== तार सहित प्रक्षेप्य ==
Some projectiles stay connected by a cable to the launch equipment after launching it:
*for guidance: [[wire-guided missile]] (range up to 4,000 meters)
*to administer an electric shock, as in the case of a [[Taser]] (range up to 10.6 meters); two projectiles are shot simultaneously, each with a cable.
*to make a connection with the target, either to tow it towards the launcher, as with a whaling [[harpoon]], or to draw the launcher to the target, as a [[grappling hook]] does.
-->
== प्ररूपी प्रक्षेप्य चाल ==
<!--{{see also|Orders of magnitude (speed)|Muzzle velocity}}-->
<!--the 1m fall is incorrect... it'll be moving 9.8m/s after moving 4.905meters.. not 1-->
<!--i changed the 1m fall v=g*t with t=sqrt(2s/g) -->
{|class="wikitable"
!rowspan=2 | प्रक्षेप्य
!colspan=4 | [[चाल]]
!rowspan=2 | [[विशिष्ट गतिज ऊर्जा]] (जूल प्रति किलोग्राम)
|-
!(m/s) !! (km/h) !! (ft/s) !! (mph)
|-
|वस्तु जो १ मीटर गिरती है (निर्वात में, पृथ्वी की सतह पर) || 4.43 || 15.948 || 14.5 || 9.9 ||9.8
|-
|वस्तु जो १० मीटर गिरती है (निर्वात में, पृथ्वी की सतह पर) || 14 || 50.4 || 46 || 31 ||98
<!--
|-
|Thrown [[club (weapon)|club]] (expert thrower) || 40 || 144 || 130 || 90 || 800
-->
|-
|वस्तु जो १०० मीटर गिरती है (निर्वात में, पृथ्वी की सतह पर) || 45 || 162 || 150 || 100 ||980
<!--
|-
|Refined (flexible) [[atlatl]] dart (expert thrower) || 45 || 162 || 150 || 100 || 1,000
|-
|Ice hockey puck ([[slapshot]], professional player) || 50 || 180 || 165 || 110 || 1,300
|-
|80-lb-draw pistol [[crossbow]] bolt || 58 || 208.8 || 190 || 130 || 1,700
|-
|[[Arrow|War arrow]] shot from a 150&nbsp;lbs [[English longbow|medieval warbow]] || 63 || 228.2 || 208 || 141 || 2,000
|-
|[[Paintball]] fired from marker || 91 || 327.6 || 300 || 204 || 4,100
|-
|175-lb-draw [[crossbow]] bolt || 97 || 349.2 || 320 || 217 || 4,700
|-
|[[Air gun]] [[Pellet (air gun)|pellet]] 6&nbsp;mm [[BB gun|BB]] || 100 || 360 || 328 || 224 || 5,000
|-
|[[Rifle]] bullet 4.5&nbsp;mm || 150 || 540 || 492 || 336 || 11,000
|-
|[[Air gun]] pellet (magnum-power air rifle) || 305 || 878.4 || 1,000 || 545 || 29,800
|-
|[[9×19mm Parabellum|9×19 mm]] (bullet of a [[pistol]]) || 340 || 1224 || 1,116 || 761 || 58,000
|-
|[[.50 BMG|12.7×99 mm]] (bullet of a heavy [[machine gun]]) || 800 || 2,880 || 2,625 || 1,790 || 320,000
|-
|German Tiger I [[8.8 cm KwK 36|88 mm]] (tank shell- Pzgr. 39 APCBCHE) || 810 || 2,899 || 2,657 || 1,812 || 328,050
|-
|[[5.56x45mm NATO|5.56×45 mm]] (standard bullet used in many assault rifles) || 920 || 3,312 || 3,018 || 2,058 || 470,000
|-
|25×1400&nbsp;mm ([[Kinetic energy penetrator|APFSDS]], [[tank]] penetrator) || 1,700 || 6,120 || 5,577 || 3,803 || 1,400,000
|-
|2&nbsp;kg tungsten Slug (from Experimental [[Railgun]]) || 3,000 || 10,800 || 9,843 || 6,711 || 4,500,000
|-
|[[Intercontinental ballistic missile|ICBM]] [[reentry vehicle]] || Up to 4,000 || Up to 14,000 || Up to 13,000 || Up to 9,000 || Up to 8,000,000
|-
|projectile of a [[light gas gun]] || Up to 7,000 || Up to 25,000 || Up to 23,000 || Up to 16,000 || Up to 24,000,000
|-
|Satellite in [[low earth orbit]] || 8,000 || 29,000 || 26,000 || 19,000 || 32,000,000
|-
|[[Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle]] || ~10,000 || ~36,000 || ~33,000 || ~22,000 || ~50,000,000
|-
|Projectile (e.g., [[space debris]]) and target both in [[low earth orbit]] || 0–16,000 || ~58,000 || ~53,000 || ~36,000 || ~130,000,000
-->
|}

== ये भी देखें==
*[[प्राक्षेपिकी|प्रक्षेपिकी]]
*[[बारूद]]
*[[संघात गंभीर्य]]
*[[प्रक्षेप्य बिन्दु]]
*[[Projectile use by living systems]]
**[[बाण]]
**[[प्रक्षेपास्त्र]]
**[[भाला]]
**[[टॉरपीडो|तॉरपीडो]]
*[[प्रक्षेप्य की परास]]
*[[प्रक्षेप्य का प्रक्षेप्य वक्र]]

== सन्दर्भ ==
{{reflist}}

== बाहरी कड़ियाँ ==
{{Commonscat|Projectiles|प्रक्षेप्य}}
{{Wiktionary}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210091718/http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/htmltag.php?code=users.sgeducation.lookang.Projectile02_pkg.Projectile02Applet.class&name=Projectile02&muid=14019 Open Source Physics computer model]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080914030742/http://www.physics-lab.net/applets/projectile-motion Projectile Motion Applet]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121027210935/http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/109N/more_stuff/Applets/ProjectileMotion/jarapplet.html Another projectile Motion Applet]

[[श्रेणी:गोला-बारूद]]
[[श्रेणी:प्रक्षेप्य|*]]